Communication
- assertion/speak-up
- bottom-up approach
- clarity
- hand-offs
- linkages between executives and front line/resolution/feedback
- safety briefings/debriefings
- structured techniques: SBAR, time-out, read-back
- transparency
Teamwork
- alignment
- deference to expertise wherever found
- flattened hierarchy
- multidisciplinary/multigenerational
- mutual respect
- psychological safety
- readiness to adapt/flexibility
- supportive
- watch each other’s back
Evidence-Based
- best practices
- high reliability/zero defects
- outcomes driven
- science of safety
- standardization, protocols, checklists, guidelines
- technology/automation
Patient-Centered
- community/grassroots involvement
- compassion/caring
- empowered patients/families
- exemplary patient experiences
- focus on patient
- formal participation in care
- health promotion
- informed patients/families
- patient stories
Marx, D. (2008). Patient safety and the ‘just culture:’ A primer for health care executives. Medical Event Reporting System for Transfusion Medicine. Retrieved January 30, 2008, from http://www.mers-tm.net/support/Marx_Primer.pdf
Nieva, V.F., & Sorra, J. (2003). Safety culture assessment: A tool for improving patient safety in healthcare organizations. Quality and Safety in Health Care, 12, ii17-ii23. Retrieved August 18, 2009, from http://qshc.bmj.com/content/12/suppl_2/ii17.full.pdf
Sammer, C.E., Lykens, K., Singh, K.P., Mains, D.A., Lackan, N.A. (2010). What is Patient Safety Culture? A Review of the Literature. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 42(2), 156-165.
Thomas, E.J., Sexton, J.B., Neilands, T.B., Frankel, A., & Helmreich, R.L. (2005). The effect of executive walk rounds on nurse safety climate attitudes: A randomized trial of clinical units. BMC Health Services Research, 5(28). Retrieved May 19, 2007, from http://www.biomedcentral.com 1472-6963/5/28
